(Ah that definitely makes sense! Thanks so much for the in-depth explanation.
That is definitely a very clever way to hint at Labyrinth Zone!)
(That is definitely a really good guess, and I really like the inference and parallels you drew to Sonic and the Secret Rings. However, I was actually hinting at the level
Mad Matrix from Shadow the Hedgehog, which is one of 2 levels in that game to take place within cyberspace. The "resolve of steel forged in the fires of suffering" was an abstract reference to the trauma and subsequent character development experienced by Shadow. "One might go mad" is a reference to both the level's name and nature (it is an amazing and fun, but very difficult and complex level). "Manic lights" is a reference to this as well, plus the bright computer-light aesthetic used throughout the level. "Surreal network" is a reference to how the level takes place in cyberspace, with a common mode of transport being as information traveling through a network. The surreality of this is a hint to the nature of the level as well. The overall dark tone / intense word choice of the hint was also intended to suggest that it was a Shadow the Hedgehog level.)
I think you are hinting at the level
Studiopolis from Sonic Mania, specifically Act 2 as it has the weather chicken boss. I love that entire level so much, and the weather + TV + chicken aesthetic at the end is one of my favorite moments in the entire game. I love the retro TV aesthetic, the usage of various types of weather and the cute chicken! I really like the way you worded your hint, it captures the tone and atmosphere of that level perfectly.
New hint:
Ancient marbled pathways wind throughout the sleepy village, soaring silently over gentle waves accentuated by the scattered lights of reassuring familiarity and companionship against the mysterious expanse.